Preparation for Child Psych PRITE and Boards
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Alcohol and acetaldehyde readily cross the placenta and can cause a spontaneous abortion.
A surviving infant of an alcohol-abusing mother is likely develop some combination of neurodevelopmental and cognitive abnormalities, which are referred to as fetal alcoholism spectrum disorder (FASD).
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) generally refers to the more severe form of FASD, and occurs in 5% of children of alcohol-abusing mothers.
It involves intellectual disability (mental retardation), microcephaly, low birth weight, dysmorphic facial features (flat nasal bridge, an absent philtrum, and an epicanthal eye fold), an atrial septal defect, and syndactyly.