Preparation for Child Psych PRITE and Boards
Jump to: navigation, search
Line 1: Line 1:
 +
==Introduction==
 +
'''Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders''' (FASD) is an general term for different consequences of prenatal exposure to alcohol. The prevalence is about 1%. Specific syndromes of FASD include alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) and fetal alcohol syndrome.
  
Alcohol and acetaldehyde readily cross the placenta and can cause fetal demise and/or spontaneous abortion.
+
==Pathophyisiology==
+
* Alcohol and acetaldehyde readily cross the placenta and can cause fetal demise and/or spontaneous abortion.  
A surviving infant of an alcohol-abusing mother is likely develop some combination of neurodevelopmental and cognitive abnormalities, which are referred to as '''fetal alcoholism spectrum disorder''' (FASD).
+
* A surviving infant of an alcohol-abusing mother is likely develop some combination of neurodevelopmental and cognitive abnormalities, which are referred to as '''fetal alcoholism spectrum disorder''' (FASD).  
+
'''Fetal alcohol syndrome''' (FAS) generally refers to the more severe form of FASD, and occurs in 5% of children of alcohol-abusing mothers.
+
+
Individuals with FAS often have intellectual disability, microcephaly, low birth weight, dysmorphic facial features (mid-face hypoplasia, flat nasal bridge, an absent philtrum, small palpebral fissures, and an epicanthal eye fold), an atrial septal defect, and syndactyly. They suffer from attention deficits, learning disabilities, hyperactivity, and seizures.
+
  
 +
==Fetal alcohol syndrome==
 +
'''Fetal alcohol syndrome''' (FAS) occurs in 5% of children of alcohol-abusing mothers. 
 +
* The prevalence in US is about 0.1%
  
{{stub}}
+
Individuals with FAS exhibit prenatal and postnatal growth retardation as well as functional and structural CNS abnormalities.
 +
* Many have intellectual disability, microcephaly, low birth weight, an atrial septal defect, and syndactyly.
 +
* Characteristic dyspmorphic features include mid-face hypoplasia, flat nasal bridge, an absent philtrum, small palpebral fissures, and an epicanthal eye fold.
 +
* Most children with FAS will have ADHD.
 +
* Learning disabilities, ODD, and seizures are common.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
{{Brief Report}}
 
[[Category:Disorders]]
 
[[Category:Disorders]]

Revision as of 15:52, 8 September 2015

Introduction

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) is an general term for different consequences of prenatal exposure to alcohol. The prevalence is about 1%. Specific syndromes of FASD include alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) and fetal alcohol syndrome.

Pathophyisiology

  • Alcohol and acetaldehyde readily cross the placenta and can cause fetal demise and/or spontaneous abortion.
  • A surviving infant of an alcohol-abusing mother is likely develop some combination of neurodevelopmental and cognitive abnormalities, which are referred to as fetal alcoholism spectrum disorder (FASD).

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) occurs in 5% of children of alcohol-abusing mothers.

  • The prevalence in US is about 0.1%

Individuals with FAS exhibit prenatal and postnatal growth retardation as well as functional and structural CNS abnormalities.

  • Many have intellectual disability, microcephaly, low birth weight, an atrial septal defect, and syndactyly.
  • Characteristic dyspmorphic features include mid-face hypoplasia, flat nasal bridge, an absent philtrum, small palpebral fissures, and an epicanthal eye fold.
  • Most children with FAS will have ADHD.
  • Learning disabilities, ODD, and seizures are common.


Template:Brief Report